In line belt type magnetic separator



Oct. 4, 1966 o. c. MAYER ETAL 3,

IN LINE BELT TYPE MAGNETIC SEPARATOR 1N VEN TORS Orro C, MAyEK BY 14!. 57M 1/05! ///IM/z. 701v 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG.

Filed Nov. 22, 1963 ATTORNEY Oct. 4, 1966 o. c. MAYER ETAL 3,276,581

' IN LINE BELT TYPE MAGNETIC SEPARATOR Filed Nov. 22, 1963 w 2 SheetsSheet 2 FIG. 2

" Q INVENTORS Orro C. MAYAIA.

ALzSZANOE/i 14/ /zmlz ro WXM ATTORNEY United States Patent 3,276,581 IN LINE BELT TYPE MAGNETIC SEPARATOR Otto C. Mayer, Fair Lawn, and Alexander W. Hamilton, Clifton, N.J., assignors to Eriez Manufacturing Co., Erie, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Filed Nov. 22, 1963, Ser. No. 325,583 11 Claims. (Cl. 2(l9111.8)

This invention relates to magnetic separators and, more particularly, to high intensity in line belt type magnetic separators.

Magnetic separation of feebly magnetic materials has been successfully accomplished for many years by a device known throughout the industry as a cross belt separator. In essence, this separator consists of a strong electromagnet suspended above a feeder belt. The feeder belt passes through the gap of a magnetic circuit between an edged pole located above the feeder belt and a broad pole piece located below.

Since magnetic flux tends to concentrate at an edge, this upper pole piece exerts a greater magnetic influence on the magnetic particles than that offered by the broad lower pole piece and magnetic particles are, therefore, directed up toward this pole piece. The purpose of the broad lower pole piece is to act as a collector for the magnetic flux emanating from the upper pole piece, completing the magnetic circuit with a minimum air gap insuring an intense magnetic field.

The sharp edged upper pole piece is placed across the direction of feed belt travel. A continuous travelling upper belt is placed over the fact of this upperpole piece. As magnetic particles are lifted from the main feeder belt, they are transported along the face of this pole by the upper belt until they are no longer under the influence of the magnet. The magnetic particles then drop off clear of the feeder belt.

It is the purpose of this invention to produce results better than produced with the aforementioned separator at much higher capacities for similar size machines.

It is, accordingly, an object of the present invention to provide an improved magnetic separator.

Another object of the invention is to provide a magnetic separator which is simple in construction, economical to manufacture, and simple and efficient to use.

With the above and other objects in view, the present invention consists of the combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims, it being understood that changes my be made in the form, size, proportions, and minor details of construction without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a separator according to the invention; and

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of the separator taken on line 22 of FIG. 1.

Now with more particular reference to the drawings, a magnetic separator is shown which is made up generally of an electromagnet supported on a magnetic core. The core is essentially in the form of an E having an armature integral with the distal ends of the legs of the E-shaped core and the center leg terminating at a spaced distance from the armature therebetw'een defining a gap. An upper belt 13 and a lower belt 11 are provided which run in the same direction and both pass through the gap.

The magnetic assembly is supported on a support frame 10. The magnetic assembly is made up of a solenoid 46 which is a conventional wire wound type which will be connected to a suitable source of direct current.

The generally E-shaped magnetic core frame is made up 3,275,581 Patented Oct. 4, 1966 "ice of an intermediate portion 20 and side legs 21. The intermediate portion 20 is fixed to the side legs 21 by welding or other suitable fastening means. The side legs 21 and the intermediate portion 20 may be made of heavy magnetic iron plates. The ends of the intermediate portion 20 extend outward beyond the outer edges of the legs 21 and are supported on brackets 48 which are fixed to support posts 49. The support posts 49 are rigidly fixed to the frame 10.

Brackets 50 are welded to the front edges of the legs 21. These brackets have outwardly extending flanges 45 which extend outwardly beyond the outer edges of the legs 21 and form guides for extension members 28. The extension members 28 are made of plates of magnetic material and have their inner faces resting on the outer faces of the legs 21.

Studs 53 extend through slots 54 and may be received in a threaded hole. Thus, the width of the gap between edge 12 and pulley 14 can be adjusted. A pulley 22 is supported on the outer ends of the brackets 50 by means of pillow blocks 24. A shaft 2 which carries the pulley 22 is rotatably received in the pillow blocks 24.

The upper belt 13 is supported on pulleys 17, 18, 22, and 23. The pulley 23 is supported on the posts 49 by a bracket 70. The pulleys 17 and 18 are supported on tightening mechanisms 19 which are fixed to the intermediate portion 20. When the studs 53 are loosened, the extension members 28 can he slid to adjust the effective length thereof.

The head pulley 14 is a cylindrical member made of magnetic material which is fixed to the lower ends of the extension members 28. This head pulley forms an armature conducting magnetic flux from the extension members 28 to the sharp edge 12.

A sleeve 59 is rotatably supported on the head pulley 14. This sleeve carries the belt 11. The lower edge of core 41 is wedge shaped and terminates in the generally sharp edge or edges 12. A surface 62 of the core 41 may be disposed at an angle of thirty degrees to the belt 13, for example. A wedge shaped member 60 made of non-magnetic material may be disposed between the surface 62 and the belt 13 on which the belt 13 may slide.

The lower belt 11 is supported on the head pulley 14 and an adjustable pulley 25. The head pulley 14 is supported on the lower ends of the extension members 28 and the adjustable pulley 25 is supported on the journal and tightening mechanism indicated at 30.

Material to be separated is fed to the belt 11 by a vibratory feeder 31 which has a hopper 32 supported on the frame 10. A vibratory trough 33 carries material from the hopper 32 and is vibrated by a suitable electromagnet 34. This vibratory feeder is of a type familiar to those skilled in the art and is commonly used for feeding bulk material.

A deflector 15 is adjustably supported to a bracket 71 by means of the pivot shown. The deflector 15 may be adjusted to control the portion of the material stream and to extend between the stream of magnetic material 16 and the stream of non-magnetic material 74 as it is discharged from the belts 11 and 13. The non-magnetic material is guided down an inclined path 75 while the magnetic material is attracted to the belt 13 by the concentrated magnetic field at the sharp edge 12 of the core 41 and moves above the splitter or deflector 15. Since the sharp edge 12 concentrates a magnetic field directly at the gap between the core 41 and the head pulley 14, magnetic material is exposed to a high intensity field and thereby removed from the non-magnetic material. Thus, the material may be efiiciently separated.

The foregoing specification sets forth the invention in its preferred practical forms but it is understood that the structure shown is capable of modification within a range of equivalents without departing from the invention which is to be understood is broadly novel as is commensurate with the appended claims.

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:

1. In combination, a magnet and two movable conveyors,

said magnet having two spaced poles defining a gap therebetween,

one said pole being above one said conveyor, the other said pole being disposed below the other of said conveyors,

said conveyors being spaced one above the other to conduct material therebetween in the same direction,

said conveyors each having a converging surface passing through said gap,

and means to concentrate magnetic flux at one of said poles whereby magnetic material from one said conveyor is attrated to said other conveyor.

2. The combination recited in claim 1 wherein one said pole terminates at its outer end in a generally sharp edge whereby magnetic flux is concentrated at said end.

3. The combination recited in claim 1 wherein one said pole comprises a generally cylindrical member made of magnetic material and one said conveyor has a moving surface passing over said generally cylindrical member.

4. A magnetic separator comprising a support frame,

a generally E-shaped magnetic frame made up of a center leg and side legs,

an electrical solenoid on said center leg of said magnetic frame,

a transverse magnetic member connected at its ends to the distal ends of said side legs,

said center leg terminating at its distal end in a sharp edge,

an upper and a lower conveyor member moving between said sharp edge and said transverse member,

said lower conveyor member being adapted to carry magnetic and non-magnetic material,

and means to deflect said magnetic material attracted to said sharp edge and said upper convey-or member away from non-magnetic material carried by said lower conveyor member.

5. The separator recited in claim 4 wherein means is provided to move said transverse member relative to said edge whereby the spacing between said conveyor members is decreased.

6. The separator recited in claim 5 wherein said conveyor members are belt conveyors and means is provided to rotate said conveyors in the same direction.

7. The separator recited in claim 6 wherein means is provided to deflect magnetic material from said separator.

8. A magnetic separator comprising a generally E-shaped magnetic core,

a blunt member connected to the outer legs of said E- shaped core,

the center leg of said E-shaped core terminating in a sharp edge spaced from said blunt member and defining a gap therebetween,

an upper belt and a lower belt running in opposite directions and parallel to each other,

each of said belts having a portion passing through said gap,

an electrical solenoid on said center leg,

means to feed material to be separated onto said lower belt,

and a splitter spaced downstream from said core and extending toward said gap and adapted to separate magnetic material attracted to said upper belt from non-magnetic material discharged from said lower belt.

9. The magnetic separator recited in claim 8 wherein said blunt member is generally cylindrical in shape and supports a sleeve thereon,

said sleeve acting as a pulley on said blunt member and carrying one end of said belts.

10. The magnetic separator recited in claim 9 wherein said outer legs of said E-shaped core have means to extend them whereby the space between said sharp edge and said blunt member can be adjusted.

11. The magnetic separator recited in claim 10 wherein a non-magnetic member is fixed to said center leg of said E-shaped core,

said non-magnetic member having a surface for said belts to slide thereupon.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,214,817 2/1917 Osgood 209-223.1 1,490,792 4/ 1924 Woodworth et al 209-223 1,565,038 12/1925 Ullrich 209-223 2,079,241 5/1937 Burt 209-223 2,176,784 10/1939 Bowden 209-223 X 2,702,123 2/1955 Injeski 209-223 FOREIGN PATENTS 455,636 v 7/1948 Italy.

M. HENSON WOOD, JR., Primary Examiner.

ROBERT B. REEVES, Examiner. A. N. KNOWLES, Assistant Examiner. 

1. IN COMBINATION, A MAGNET AND TWO MOVABLE CONVEYORS, SAID MAGNET HAVING TWO SPACED POLES DEFINING A GAP THEREBETWEEN, ONE SAID POLE BEING ABOVE ONE SAID CONVEYOR, THE OTHER SAID POLE BEING DISPOSED BELOW THE OTHER OF SAID CONVEYORS, 